This article was originally written in Traditional Chinese. The English translation is provided for reference only.
姓名與詩詞Names and Poetry
談到姓名與詩詞，大家首先想到的肯定是百家姓飛花令！如：When names and poetry come up, the first thing everyone thinks of is the surname version of 飛花令, the classical verse-capping game. For example:
「張」：酒酣胸膽尚開張，鬢微霜，又何妨！——壯懷在胸，大碗飲酒，豪氣萬千。Zhang (張): 酒酣胸膽尚開張，鬢微霜，又何妨！ — 'Wine warms me, and heart and courage open wide; my temples touched with frost — and what of that!' A bold heart, wine by the bowlful, swagger without end.
「王」：了卻君王天下事，贏得生前身後名。——心有凌雲志，橫刀立馬，青史留名。Wang (王): 了卻君王天下事，贏得生前身後名。 — 'To settle for my sovereign all the affairs of the realm, and win a name in this life and after it.' Soaring ambition, sword held across the saddle, a name written into history.
「劉」：種桃道士歸何處，前度劉郎今又來。——百折不撓，堅強不屈。Liu (劉): 種桃道士歸何處，前度劉郎今又來。 — 'Where has the Daoist who planted these peach trees gone? Master Liu, who came before, is here once more.' Unbowed by a hundred setbacks; never yielding.
「陳」：陳侯立身何坦蕩，虯鬚虎眉仍大顙。——人生在世，活得就是坦坦蕩蕩。Chen (陳): 陳侯立身何坦蕩，虯鬚虎眉仍大顙。 — 'How open and upright Lord Chen stands: curling beard, tiger's brows, a broad and noble forehead.' To live in this world is to live openly and without guile.
「楊」：楊柳青青江水平，聞郎江上踏歌聲。——有友相約，高山流水遇知音。Yang (楊): 楊柳青青江水平，聞郎江上踏歌聲。 — 'Willows green upon green, the river running level; from the water comes the sound of my love's stamping song.' Friends who keep their appointment; lofty mountains and flowing water, and the finding of one who truly understands you.
我們姓名裏的詩詞，藏着柔情相思，金戈鐵馬，既有江湖夜雨的恣意灑脫，也有對酒當歌的豪情萬丈。The poetry hidden in our names holds tenderness and longing as well as the clash of spears and armoured horses: both the free abandon of night rain on the open road, and the great-hearted bravado of singing over wine.
但你可知除了飛花令，還有律詩、絕句等等精彩的古詩詞都蘊藏着姓名的秘密？今天就和小編一起來看看專屬於你的那一份浪漫詩意是什麼吧！But did you know that beyond 飛花令, regulated verse, quatrains and many other forms of classical poetry also conceal the secrets of our names? Today, let us go looking together for the particular slice of poetic romance that belongs to you.
姓氏與律詩Surnames and Regulated Verse (律詩)
五言律詩：中國傳統詩歌的一種體裁，屬於近體詩的範疇。它的雛型是沈約等講究聲律、對偶的新體詩，至初唐沈佺期、宋之問時基本定型，成熟於盛唐時期。全篇共八句，每句五個字，有仄起、平起兩種基本形式，中間兩聯須作對仗。Five-character regulated verse (五言律詩) is a genre of traditional Chinese poetry belonging to the 'recent-style' verse. Its prototype was the new-style verse of Shen Yue and his contemporaries, who paid close attention to tonal patterning and parallelism; it took essentially its final shape with Shen Quanqi and Song Zhiwen in the early Tang, and reached maturity in the High Tang. A poem runs to eight lines of five characters each, in two basic forms — beginning on an oblique tone or on a level tone — and the middle two couplets must be antithetical.
王、孫、李、白、楊：王孫李白羽，楊柳滿春風。Wang, Sun, Li, Bai, Yang: 王孫李白羽，楊柳滿春風 — 'The young lord in plumes of white; willows brimming with the spring wind.'
周、張、吳、范、龍：周張吳地遠，范龍起雲中。Zhou, Zhang, Wu, Fan, Long: 周張吳地遠，范龍起雲中 — 'Far off lies the land of Wu; a dragon rises up amid the clouds.'
趙、錢、孫、李、周：趙錢孫李家，周遊天地間。Zhao, Qian, Sun, Li, Zhou: 趙錢孫李家，周遊天地間 — 'The households of Zhao, Qian, Sun and Li; roaming freely between heaven and earth.'
朱、秦、馮、程、馬：朱門秦鏡明，馮程馬蹄疾。Zhu, Qin, Feng, Cheng, Ma: 朱門秦鏡明，馮程馬蹄疾 — 'Bright the Qin mirror at the vermilion gate; swift the hooves along the road.'
林、高、孔、席、韓：林高孔雀棲，席韓共月明。Lin, Gao, Kong, Xi, Han: 林高孔雀棲，席韓共月明 — 'High in the woods a peacock roosts; Xi and Han share the bright moon.'
陳、鄭、曹、杜、關：陳鄭曹門遠，杜關春雨寒。Chen, Zheng, Cao, Du, Guan: 陳鄭曹門遠，杜關春雨寒 — 'The gates of Chen, Zheng and Cao lie far away; at Du Pass the spring rain is cold.'
柳、山、江、潘、林：柳山江水碧，潘林入晚霞。Liu, Shan, Jiang, Pan, Lin: 柳山江水碧，潘林入晚霞 — 'Willowed hills, river water jade-green; Pan's grove dissolving into the evening glow.'
石、丘、陸、孫、方：石丘陸遠近，孫方訪山翁。Shi, Qiu, Lu, Sun, Fang: 石丘陸遠近，孫方訪山翁 — 'Stony hills and land stretching near and far; Sun and Fang go calling on the old man of the mountain.'
崔、岳、莊、池、邊：崔岳莊嚴立，池邊綠草生。Cui, Yue, Zhuang, Chi, Bian: 崔岳莊嚴立，池邊綠草生 — 'Lofty peaks standing in solemn majesty; green grass springing up at the pool's edge.'
江、宋、湖、楊、溪：江宋湖光闊，楊溪繞翠微。Jiang, Song, Hu, Yang, Xi: 江宋湖光闊，楊溪繞翠微 — 'Broad the light upon the lake; the willowed stream winds round the green hillside.'
龍、田、韋、沈、濱：龍田韋野闊，沈濱夕露新。Long, Tian, Wei, Shen, Bin: 龍田韋野闊，沈濱夕露新 — 'Dragon fields and open country stretching wide; on the shore the evening dew lies fresh.'
商、山、顧、陳、峯：商山顧影去，陳峯雲霧中。Shang, Shan, Gu, Chen, Feng: 商山顧影去，陳峯雲霧中 — 'On Mount Shang a figure departs, glancing back at its shadow; Chen's peak stands wrapped in cloud and mist.'
潘、柳、谷、錢、水：潘柳谷中綠，錢水向東流。Pan, Liu, Gu, Qian, Shui: 潘柳谷中綠，錢水向東流 — 'Willows green in the valley; the waters flowing east.'
姓氏與絕句Surnames and the Quatrain (絕句)
七言絕句：中國傳統詩歌的一種體裁，簡稱七絕，屬於近體詩範疇。此體全詩四句，每句七言，在押韻、粘對等方面有嚴格的格律要求。這種詩體起源於南朝樂府歌行或北朝樂府民歌，或可追溯到西晉的民謠，定型、成熟於唐代。The seven-character quatrain (七言絕句, 七絕 for short) is a genre of traditional Chinese poetry within 'recent-style' verse. A poem has four lines of seven characters each, with strict requirements of rhyme and tonal patterning. The form has its origins in the ballads of the Southern Dynasties Music Bureau or in the folk songs of the Northern Dynasties — it may go back as far as the popular songs of the Western Jin — and was fixed and brought to maturity in the Tang.
李、柳、趙、水：李柳春風細雨中，趙花映水如天鏡。Li, Liu, Zhao, Shui: 李柳春風細雨中，趙花映水如天鏡 — 'Plum and willow in the spring wind and fine rain; blossom mirrored in the water like a sky-bright glass.'
王、謝、陳、柳：王謝小巷花滿徑，陳柳幽徑綠如屏。Wang, Xie, Chen, Liu: 王謝小巷花滿徑，陳柳幽徑綠如屏 — 'In the lanes of Wang and Xie the paths are full of blossom; along the quiet willowed walk the green stands like a screen.'
張、孫、連、劉：張孫草色連天碧，劉荷飄香繞池畔。Zhang, Sun, Lian, Liu: 張孫草色連天碧，劉荷飄香繞池畔 — 'Grass green all the way to the sky; the scent of lotus drifting round the pond.'
吳、周、黃、梅：吳周秋月映江水，黃梅夜靜月影稀。Wu, Zhou, Huang, Mei: 吳周秋月映江水，黃梅夜靜月影稀 — 'The autumn moon reflected in the river; in the still plum-rain night the moon's shadows grow sparse.'
林、陳、秦、梅：林陳梅香染秋霜，秦松風吹落花香。Lin, Chen, Qin, Mei: 林陳梅香染秋霜，秦松風吹落花香 — 'Plum fragrance in the wood, touched with autumn frost; through the pines the wind carries the scent of falling blossom.'
李、王、趙、柳：李王夕陽山外紅，趙柳依依河畔翠。Li, Wang, Zhao, Liu: 李王夕陽山外紅，趙柳依依河畔翠 — 'The setting sun red beyond the hills; willows trailing green along the riverbank.'
楊、柳、林、葉：楊柳清風拂面來，翠林葉舞映晴空。Yang, Liu, Lin, Ye: 楊柳清風拂面來，翠林葉舞映晴空 — 'Willows and a clear breeze brushing the face; leaves dancing in the emerald wood against a bright sky.'
姓氏與四季Surnames and the Four Seasons
春日花柳、曉風；夏日荷葉、暑氣；秋日落葉、月色；冬日雪景、寒意。Spring: blossom and willows, the dawn breeze. Summer: lotus leaves, the heat of the day. Autumn: falling leaves, moonlight. Winter: snowscapes, the cold.
姓氏與詩詞融合一體，在四季更迭中更顯一份獨特的浪漫情誼！When surname and poem become one, the turning of the seasons brings out a romance all of its own.
春季：夏侯柳青青，范陽花滿枝。花沉庭院裏，孫李曉風吹。Spring: 夏侯柳青青，范陽花滿枝。花沉庭院裏，孫李曉風吹。 — 'Xiahou willows green upon green; at Fanyang the branches are heavy with blossom. Petals settle deep in the courtyard; over Sun and Li the dawn wind blows.'
夏季：戴青荷葉生，章雨暮雲低。施湯日正午，韋潘竹徑迷。Summer: 戴青荷葉生，章雨暮雲低。施湯日正午，韋潘竹徑迷。 — 'Green lotus leaves come up; after Zhang's rain the evening clouds hang low. Shi and Tang stand in the heat of noon; Wei and Pan are lost on the bamboo path.'
秋季：蕭霜杜葉飛，任鳳向南歸。衞柯秋月下，鄧林夜漸稀。Autumn: 蕭霜杜葉飛，任鳳向南歸。衞柯秋月下，鄧林夜漸稀。 — 'Frost on the Xiao, Du leaves flying; Ren's phoenix turns homeward to the south. Wei and Ke beneath the autumn moon; Deng's woods thinning as the night wears on.'
冬季：白雪封山岑，馮程路未通。嚴冬宮院靜，齊景伴寒松。Winter: 白雪封山岑，馮程路未通。嚴冬宮院靜，齊景伴寒松。 — 'White snow seals the mountain peak; Feng and Cheng find the road still closed. In the depth of winter the palace courts are silent; the scene keeps company with a cold pine.'
名與詩Given Names and Poetry
俗語有云：「賜子千金，不如教子一藝；教子一藝，不如賜子好名。」古人起名通常都有尋經據典的習慣，古典詩詞是中華民族的一份珍貴文化遺產，同時也是起名的一個巨大寶庫。As the old saying goes: 'Better than giving your child a thousand pieces of gold is teaching him a skill; better than teaching him a skill is giving him a good name.' Our forebears habitually turned to the classics when naming a child, and classical poetry — a precious part of the Chinese cultural inheritance — is also a vast treasury of names.
知許——李清照《永遇樂·落日熔金》：「染柳煙濃，吹梅笛怨，春意知幾許。」Zhixu (知許) — Li Qingzhao, 'Yong Yu Le: The Setting Sun Melts Gold' (永遇樂·落日熔金): 'Mist lies thick on the dyed willows, the flute laments its Falling Plum Blossom — how much of spring can one know?'
月白——白居易《琵琶行》：「東船西舫悄無言，唯見江心秋月白。」Yuebai (月白) — Bai Juyi, 'Song of the Pipa' (琵琶行): 'The boats to east and west fell silent; we saw only the white autumn moon at the heart of the river.'
彬蔚——陸機《文賦》：「頌優遊以彬蔚，論精微而朗暢。」Binwei (彬蔚) — Lu Ji, 'Rhapsody on Literature' (文賦): 'The ode moves at ease, rich and elegant; the treatise is subtle yet lucid.'
沅芷——屈原《九歌·湘夫人》：「沅有芷兮澧有蘭，思公子兮未敢言。」Yuanzhi (沅芷) — Qu Yuan, 'Nine Songs: The Lady of the Xiang' (九歌·湘夫人): 'Angelica grows by the Yuan, orchids by the Li; I long for my lord, yet dare not speak.'
清川——王維《歸嵩山作》：「清川帶長薄，車馬去閒閒。」Qingchuan (清川) — Wang Wei, 'Written on Returning to Mount Song' (歸嵩山作): 'The clear river runs beside a long stretch of scrub; carriage and horses go unhurried on their way.'
池雨——溫庭筠《楊柳枝》：「晚來更帶龍池雨，半拂闌干半入樓。」Chiyu (池雨) — Wen Tingyun, 'Willow Branch Song' (楊柳枝): 'At dusk the branches carry the rain of the Dragon Pool, half brushing the balustrade, half drifting into the tower.'
相宜——蘇軾《飲湖上初晴後雨二首·其二》：「欲把西湖比西子，淡妝濃抹總相宜。」Xiangyi (相宜) — Su Shi, 'Drinking on the Lake as It Clears and Then Rains, No. 2' (飲湖上初晴後雨二首·其二): 'If West Lake were compared to Lady Xi Shi, light make-up or heavy would suit her equally well.'
中華文化博大精深，姓名背後大有乾坤，每個人都擁有屬於自己的那份詩意江湖。這些詩詞中還藏着哪些姓氏，你能找到嗎？Chinese culture is deep and broad, and there is a whole world behind a name: each of us has a poetic realm of our own to roam. What other surnames are hidden in the poems above — can you find them?
